Parenting Style Inventory II

I began developing the Parenting Style Inventory (PSI) in 1993, after completing an extensive review of the historical literature on parenting style that introduced the distinction between parenting style and parenting practice (Darling & Steinberg, 1993).

The goal of this measure was to introduce a relatively brief measure that assessed adolescents’ perception of their parents’ demandingness, responsiveness, and psychological autonomy-granting independent of the specific parenting practices. The measure was first developed for use with middle school students in Pennsylvania.

Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological Bulletin, 113(3), 487–496. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.113.3.487

Escale Parental Brave

Cumsille, Martinez, Rodriguez, Darling (2011)

Parenting Style Inventory III

How to Use the Measures

It is critically important that all measures are piloted in the context in which it will be used. This is particularly important for measures of parenting style. The measure of parental warmth is quite culturally invariant. Demandingness, on the other hand, is very sensitive to variance.